Acetaminophen-Induced Infertility in Male Wistar Rats: Impact of Avocado Leaves on Hormonal Profile and Semen Analysis

Background and Objective: Male infertility is intended as a condition for men who are unable to impregnate their partners for at least one year after intercourse without using a protector. This research work statistically investigates the effects of paracetamol usage on hormonal profile and sperm count by modelling the impact of paracetamol and standard drug, same dosage of paracetamol combinations and the interactions on hormonal profile and sperm count and to determine the effect of consuming avocado on the parameters. Materials and Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 100-105 g were used to determine the effect of acetaminophen on hormones and sperm count. The avocado leaves were air-dried and blended into powder, mixed with water (100 mL), stirred and mixed intermittently for 72 hrs. The water extract was filtered into a conical flask and stored until when used. The animals were humanely sacrificed after which a caudoventral mid-abdominal incision was made to access the internal organs. The testes were detached from the epididymis and harvested. The concentration was determined by the use of the improved Neubauer hemocytometer. Results: The LH and FSH hormones in the groups apart from the control increased significantly due to acetaminophen administration but the administration of standard dose, helped in reviving the damage to a significant level. However, long-term administration of acetaminophen doesn’t reduce body weight, avocado extract reduces it to a significant level. However, an excessive increase in FSH concentration as observed in the 3000 mg/kg of acetaminophen treated rats may negatively affect reproduction due to its effect on spermatogenesis. As observed, testosterone levels in the lower doses increased but decreased in the high-dose group. Conclusion: The result showed that avocado had a negatively significant influence on semen, sperm motility and viability were reduced and the consumption of high amount of avocado leaf extract has a negative effect on the reproductive system in the male.