Purification and Determination of Antioxidant Effects of Ethanol Extract Fractions in Phyllanthus Amarus Leaves

Background and Objective: All organisms have an antioxidant defense mechanism that uses enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as substances like ascorbic acid, tocopherol and glutathione, to protect them from free radical damage. Consumption of more antioxidants (phytochemicals) from herbs like Phyllanthus amarus, meals or supplements boosts the body’s antioxidant defense mechanism, protecting it against toxic ROS. The goal of this study was to see if there are any antioxidants in the ethanolic extract fractions of Phyllanthus amarusleaves. Materials and Methods: The leaves of Phyllanthus amaruswere taken from the Federal University Wukari Campus in Taraba State, Nigeria, dried and crushed before being subjected to anti-lipid peroxidation inhibition assay, β-carotene bleaching inhibition assay, total phenolic content determination, total flavonoid content determination and total antioxidant capacity determination further tests. Results: According to the findings of this study, fraction 4b (445.9459%) has the maximum bleaching inhibition power for beta-carotene inhibition testing, whereas, fraction 4a (81.08109%) has the lowest. Fraction 2a (56.9565 mg mL‾1) has the highest phenolic content while fraction 6b (7.608669 mg mL‾1) has the lowest phenolic content. The assay for total flavonoid content showed that fraction 3a (145.71428 mg mL‾1) has the highest flavonoid content while fraction 8a (121.42857 mg mL‾1) has the lowest flavonoid content. The results for anti-lipid peroxidation revealed that fraction 3b (55.732 mg mL‾1) has the highest antioxidant capacity while fraction 6a (2.775 mg mL‾1) has the lowest antioxidant activity. The results of the analysis revealed that Phyllanthus amarusleaves contain significant nutritional components that are good for human health. Conclusion: It is reasonable to conclude that fractions 2a and 2b have the highest antioxidant activities which have good potential for drug development, especially against diseases of oxidative stress origin.